by Fraser C, Lythgoe K, Leventhal GE, Shirreff G, Hollingsworth TD, Alizon S, Bonhoeffer S
Abstract:
Why some individuals develop AIDS rapidly whereas others remain healthy without treatment for many years remains a central question of HIV research. An evolutionary perspective reveals an apparent conflict between two levels of selection on the virus. On the one hand, there is rapid evolution of the virus in the host, and on the other, new observations indicate the existence of virus factors that affect the virulence of infection whose influence persists over years in infected individuals and across transmission events. Here, we review recent evidence that shows that viral genetic factors play a larger role in modulating disease severity than anticipated. We propose conceptual models that reconcile adaptive evolution at both levels of selection. Evolutionary analysis provides new insight into HIV pathogenesis.
Reference:
Fraser C, Lythgoe K, Leventhal GE, Shirreff G, Hollingsworth TD, Alizon S, Bonhoeffer S (2014) Virulence and pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection: an evolutionary perspective. Science. 343(6177): 1243727.
Bibtex Entry:
@article{FraserEtal2014,
Abstract = {Why some individuals develop AIDS rapidly whereas others remain healthy without treatment for many years remains a central question of HIV research. An evolutionary perspective reveals an apparent conflict between two levels of selection on the virus. On the one hand, there is rapid evolution of the virus in the host, and on the other, new observations indicate the existence of virus factors that affect the virulence of infection whose influence persists over years in infected individuals and across transmission events. Here, we review recent evidence that shows that viral genetic factors play a larger role in modulating disease severity than anticipated. We propose conceptual models that reconcile adaptive evolution at both levels of selection. Evolutionary analysis provides new insight into HIV pathogenesis.},
Author = {Fraser, Christophe and Lythgoe, Katrina and Leventhal, Gabriel E and Shirreff, George and Hollingsworth, T Deirdre and Alizon, Samuel and Bonhoeffer, Sebastian},
Date-Added = {2015-03-17 16:08:52 +0000},
Date-Modified = {2015-03-17 16:08:52 +0000},
Doi = {10.1126/science.1243727},
Journal = {Science},
Journal-Full = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
Keywords = {virulence, evolution, HIV, review, heritability},
Mesh = {Adaptation, Physiological; Evolution, Molecular; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Models, Biological; Selection, Genetic; Viral Load; Virulence; Virulence Factors; Virus Replication},
Number = {6177},
Pages = {1243727},
Pmid = {24653038},
Pst = {ppublish},
Title = {{Virulence and pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection: an evolutionary perspective}},
Volume = {343},
Year = {2014},
Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1243727}}